Sunday night, tomorrow you have an important presentation to deliver or assignment, then without any warning of any kind your screen freezes, you reboot the system after no response from the keyboard or mouse.
No problem the file will be auto saved, hang, what's this message hard disk drive (HDD) not detected ?! gulp, I'll try a reboot, same error!
This kind of scenario can make any IT battle hardened user fold on the spot, but it need not be this way.
The bad news
All hard drives have finite lives and MTBF (Mean Time Between Failure) as many other products, however HDD will fail when you least expect it or when it hurts most.
Magnetic storage media aka HDD are electro, mechanical devices which operate at the envelope of mechanical tolerances. What do we mean by this? Well modern hard drives spin platters at speeds from 4200 to 15K which are either metal or glass and covered by a process called spluttering a magnetic sensitive material, now the part which decodes and encodes data directly to the platters are part of the head stack assembly, now the tolerance bit, these heads have to repeat ably go to specific locations on the media quickly (less than 10MS), here is where issues can really happen. The heads "fly" above the platters and contrary to popular belief the disk enclosure is not a vacuum, or how could the heads "fly" above the surface?
Now, due to heat, vibration, shock or system malfunction the head stack assembly may place the heads directly on the surface in a inappropriate place and way, thus damaging the surface; you have what most people would call a head crash.
The heat is on
Ok, so heat really can cause issues for your hard drive and here is why. Excessive heat to the media can cause the thermal expansion to the head stack assembly, thus "shifting" the precise alignment. Magnetic properties also change with thermal variations, and finally the PCB (printed circuit board) can enter a thermal runaway scenario; The motor control chip gets warm, the ambient and working temperature of the drive increases, this affects the resistance to failure which is often the main failure type of PCB failure.
UPS, UPS and away
Finally power cycling of hard drive media can cause catastrophic failure along with excess power and brownouts. Typically this type of failure causes clicking or noisy media.
The good news
Most of the above issues can very easily be avoided with such items as hard drive cooling kits, these supply cool air directly to the hard drive enclosure and PCB.
Thursday, February 7, 2008
R&D Companies and Data Loss
R&D Companies and Information Technology (IT)
R&D companies, as the acronym suggests, have to engage in a lot of research. A very high level of research is required to come up with a new invention. Therefore, researchers tend to use a lot of data to test the various outcomes and hypothesis. Due to limitations posed by the traditional way of storing data, R&D companies are increasingly storing their valuable data electronically.
R&D companies in the field of medicine tend to painstakingly undertake several experiments. The results of these experiments have to be recorded, evaluated, and maybe even published. While computers can help the researchers to record their findings, Internet can allow the researchers to publish their results with minimal effort.
Since the laptops offer the required mobility while performing research and analysis, most of the researchers in the defence, agriculture, pharmaceutical, defence, aerospace, and biotechnology industries tend to use laptops. Therefore, most of these companies tend to have a dedicated IT department. If the data is mobile, as is the case with laptops, the chances of losing the data are also higher.
If R&D companies are exchanging the research data across the Internet, they also need to be sure that the server is secure because any malicious user can easily misuse the data. More often than not, the data related with R&D is extremely confidential. Therefore, most companies tend to use the latest IT to help them keep their data secure.
Why is R&D Data Important and Valuable?
R&D is a field that requires large amount of investment because of the sheer nature of the industry. In addition, it is not a field that reaps immediate results. Research can take months or years before an appropriate product, equipment, or idea can be developed. Therefore, while the investment is huge, the results may not be apparent. Any data loss or leakage can ruin the entire capital and infrastructure investment.
Companies invest in R&D to stay ahead in the market competition whereas governments invest in R&D to ensure that the country is ahead in technological advancements or for national security. While most companies have to be extremely cautious about their R&D data so as to avoid data or idea leakage lest the competitor steal the idea, the government has to protect the R&D data to ensure that there is no threat to national security.
Protecting the Valuable R&D data
It is imperative to protect the R&D data because of the nature of the data. Most companies create centralised reporting systems so that data can be gathered comprehensively in one place. This minimises the chances of losing your data because the flow of data is restricted.
Some R&D companies do not wish to risk exchanging their data on public networks. Having personalised servers that allow you to exchange data within company in the most secure manner is a very good idea. You can always test the security of these measures and upgrade the security when the need arises.
Data encryption is the most important measure that R&D companies should make use of. Data encryption allows your valuable data to be encrypted before it leaves the secure premises of your office via a network server. Only authorised users with the requisite passwords can gain access to this data. Encrypting the data is the best way to minimise your risk against hackers, data theft, and malicious users.
R&D data is not the kind of data that can be created again once its lost. Therefore, the R&D companies will have to ensure that their valuable data is always backed up appropriately. Using manual backups may not be a good idea because it leaves room for error. Your best bet would be to either use Continuous Data Protection (CDP) or Automated Remote Backups.
CDP technique mirrors the data on two disks. Therefore, even if something happens to one disk, the other disk remains protected. Automated remote backups ensure that your data is automatically backed up and stored in a location that is geographically distant from the primary office site. This ensures that the data remains protected even if a natural or man-made disaster such as terrorist attack occurs at the primary office site.
What to do in the Event of Data Loss?
If all your data protection measures fail, you will need to hire the services of a professional data recovery company. Since the nature of the lost data may be confidential, it would be best if you sign a confidentiality agreement with the company. In addition, make sure that you hire the services of the best company because the cost of recreating your lost data can be much higher than the cost of recovering your data.
R&D companies, as the acronym suggests, have to engage in a lot of research. A very high level of research is required to come up with a new invention. Therefore, researchers tend to use a lot of data to test the various outcomes and hypothesis. Due to limitations posed by the traditional way of storing data, R&D companies are increasingly storing their valuable data electronically.
R&D companies in the field of medicine tend to painstakingly undertake several experiments. The results of these experiments have to be recorded, evaluated, and maybe even published. While computers can help the researchers to record their findings, Internet can allow the researchers to publish their results with minimal effort.
Since the laptops offer the required mobility while performing research and analysis, most of the researchers in the defence, agriculture, pharmaceutical, defence, aerospace, and biotechnology industries tend to use laptops. Therefore, most of these companies tend to have a dedicated IT department. If the data is mobile, as is the case with laptops, the chances of losing the data are also higher.
If R&D companies are exchanging the research data across the Internet, they also need to be sure that the server is secure because any malicious user can easily misuse the data. More often than not, the data related with R&D is extremely confidential. Therefore, most companies tend to use the latest IT to help them keep their data secure.
Why is R&D Data Important and Valuable?
R&D is a field that requires large amount of investment because of the sheer nature of the industry. In addition, it is not a field that reaps immediate results. Research can take months or years before an appropriate product, equipment, or idea can be developed. Therefore, while the investment is huge, the results may not be apparent. Any data loss or leakage can ruin the entire capital and infrastructure investment.
Companies invest in R&D to stay ahead in the market competition whereas governments invest in R&D to ensure that the country is ahead in technological advancements or for national security. While most companies have to be extremely cautious about their R&D data so as to avoid data or idea leakage lest the competitor steal the idea, the government has to protect the R&D data to ensure that there is no threat to national security.
Protecting the Valuable R&D data
It is imperative to protect the R&D data because of the nature of the data. Most companies create centralised reporting systems so that data can be gathered comprehensively in one place. This minimises the chances of losing your data because the flow of data is restricted.
Some R&D companies do not wish to risk exchanging their data on public networks. Having personalised servers that allow you to exchange data within company in the most secure manner is a very good idea. You can always test the security of these measures and upgrade the security when the need arises.
Data encryption is the most important measure that R&D companies should make use of. Data encryption allows your valuable data to be encrypted before it leaves the secure premises of your office via a network server. Only authorised users with the requisite passwords can gain access to this data. Encrypting the data is the best way to minimise your risk against hackers, data theft, and malicious users.
R&D data is not the kind of data that can be created again once its lost. Therefore, the R&D companies will have to ensure that their valuable data is always backed up appropriately. Using manual backups may not be a good idea because it leaves room for error. Your best bet would be to either use Continuous Data Protection (CDP) or Automated Remote Backups.
CDP technique mirrors the data on two disks. Therefore, even if something happens to one disk, the other disk remains protected. Automated remote backups ensure that your data is automatically backed up and stored in a location that is geographically distant from the primary office site. This ensures that the data remains protected even if a natural or man-made disaster such as terrorist attack occurs at the primary office site.
What to do in the Event of Data Loss?
If all your data protection measures fail, you will need to hire the services of a professional data recovery company. Since the nature of the lost data may be confidential, it would be best if you sign a confidentiality agreement with the company. In addition, make sure that you hire the services of the best company because the cost of recreating your lost data can be much higher than the cost of recovering your data.
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