Causes and Symptoms of Data Loss
It’s a common belief that natural disasters account for most of the data lost in today’s corporate world. Disasters such as floods, fires, hurricanes, earthquakes and tornadoes, however, only account for 1% of all data lost in today’s businesses. In fact, human error—accidental deletions and overwrites—causes 10% more data loss than Mother Nature.
But the biggest cause of data loss in today’s businesses is equipment—both hardware crashes and software corruption. System failure accounts for 78% of all data losses while software corruption accounts for 7%.
Problems such as electrical damage and malicious behavior also contribute to hardware failures and software corruption, which leads to data loss.
Because data loss can come from any of these sources, it’s imperative to recognize the symptoms of potential problems and take action to correct it. The tips below tell you how to recognize a problem with your hardware and software so that you can take swift and appropriate action to save your data.
Hardware and Software-A Lethal Combination
Basically, if you notice anything abnormal with your hardware, you may be experiencing problems that could lead to data loss. In addition to sluggishly running system, one of the earliest symptoms of hardware failure is an unusual sound, such as:
The drive spinning up or down for no reason may indicate damage to heads or platters (data storage areas)
A clicking hard drive may indicate a head crash, corrupt firmware on the drive's ROM chip, an electrical problem like a burned chip, blown heads, a bad PCB controller, overwritten servo's, damage to the hard drive's platters and alignment issues from being dropped, jarred or a power surge.
Scrapping/grinding sounds means the BIOS does not recognize the external hard drive or the system was dropped or jarred, the computer suffered water, fire or smoke damage that caused internal and physical damage to the read/write heads and or the platters.
During normal operation the heads do not rest on the hard drive platters. In a damaged hard drive, heads begin scratching the platter surface causing data loss.
Repeatedly turning the system on and off to try to get it to boot will exacerbating the situation, thus causing more damage and total data loss. The best action to take is to leave your system off to prevent further damage. This advice holds true for just about any symptoms or failures you experience with your system, including:
* A drive not formatted error
* A system that freezes or hangs
* A hard drive or device not found error
A variety of situations cause such errors.
A hard drive not formatted error usually indicates the hard drive's partition has been damaged, deleted or corrupted. It can be caused by a virus, a hard reboot, a power outage or surge, disc partitioning utilities and sometimes updating software, anti-virus programs or simply installing new software can damage a partition.
When your system freezes or hangs while trying to boot or while accessing a file or program it usually indicates that there are bad sectors on the hard disk. The system is unable to access the information it needs to open the file or load the program. It can be caused by a corrupt file or shared program files that have conflicting call procedures. It could also indicate that too many system resources are being used at once.
When you get a message telling you that the drive is not ready, hard drive or device not found it could mean the hard disk is bad, the boot priority in bios has been changed, the partition structure is damaged, or a virus has infected your system.
As indicated in the above examples, software could also be a root cause of hard drive or system failure.
Some more common examples of software problems that could lead to data loss include:
* System blue screens
* Computer keeps rebooting
* Operating system not found
When your system blue screens as you try to boot or during the middle of an operation, it can mean the operating system has been damaged, there may be bad sectors on your hard drive that the system is unable to read, your hard drive could be failing, you might have a virus, critical system files were deleted or the partition or file structure may have become corrupted or damaged.
The most common reason a computer keeps rebooting over and over is because the boot sector has been hijacked by a virus that creates a continuous loop. It keeps telling the system to go back to the boot sector and reboot.
An operating system not found message typically means that the operating system files are damaged, the boot device priority has been changed, the partition table is damaged or the hard drive has been formatted.
Whatever symptoms your experience, your data can be saved and/or recovered if you take swift action.
Friday, February 9, 2007
Creating a Complete Data Protection and Restoration Strategy
Creating a Complete Data Protection and Restoration Strategy
Backing up your data is the best way to prevent losing it. This method comes into play when you’ve suffered a system failure or hardware corruption. Your IT folks simply—or not so simply, depending on the method you used for backup—restore your data from the backed up files.
No matter what you do, data backup is the most essential part of a data protection plan. But is there something you can do to potentially prevent you from losing your data at all?
There are other steps you can take, in concert with data backup, to help protect your data. The best data protection strategy is to create a holistic plan that incorporates both prevention and restoration.
With data backup as the cornerstone of your plan, there are about a half a dozen other actions you can incorporate across the board at your company.
* Run an anti-virus program to prevent and eliminate viruses that could take advantage of security flaws and compromise your data.
* Use power surge protectors everywhere to prevent power surges from causing hard-drive failure and potentially damaging your data.
* Always quit your programs and shut down your computer properly to eliminate the risk of losing any unsaved data. Quitting programs and shutting down properly allows the system to save vital data before exiting a program.
* You should neither disassemble your hard drive nor shake nor remove the covers on hard drives or tapes, because data will likely become unrecoverable once you have tried to perform a task with which you are not familiar.
* Checking the health of your computer with diagnostics programs is a good idea, allowing such programs to repair any issues they find can make it more difficult to recover data if you lose it.
* Assure your computers and laptops are in safe locations where they won’t be knocked over, stepped on, sat on, dropped or spilled on.
* Avoid moving your computer, especially when it’s in operation.
Above all, never attempt any operation such as installations or repairs with which you have no experience. Leave the diagnostics to a data recovery specialist who has experience with all types of hard drives and knows how to perform successful data recovery.
Backing up your data is the best way to prevent losing it. This method comes into play when you’ve suffered a system failure or hardware corruption. Your IT folks simply—or not so simply, depending on the method you used for backup—restore your data from the backed up files.
No matter what you do, data backup is the most essential part of a data protection plan. But is there something you can do to potentially prevent you from losing your data at all?
There are other steps you can take, in concert with data backup, to help protect your data. The best data protection strategy is to create a holistic plan that incorporates both prevention and restoration.
With data backup as the cornerstone of your plan, there are about a half a dozen other actions you can incorporate across the board at your company.
* Run an anti-virus program to prevent and eliminate viruses that could take advantage of security flaws and compromise your data.
* Use power surge protectors everywhere to prevent power surges from causing hard-drive failure and potentially damaging your data.
* Always quit your programs and shut down your computer properly to eliminate the risk of losing any unsaved data. Quitting programs and shutting down properly allows the system to save vital data before exiting a program.
* You should neither disassemble your hard drive nor shake nor remove the covers on hard drives or tapes, because data will likely become unrecoverable once you have tried to perform a task with which you are not familiar.
* Checking the health of your computer with diagnostics programs is a good idea, allowing such programs to repair any issues they find can make it more difficult to recover data if you lose it.
* Assure your computers and laptops are in safe locations where they won’t be knocked over, stepped on, sat on, dropped or spilled on.
* Avoid moving your computer, especially when it’s in operation.
Above all, never attempt any operation such as installations or repairs with which you have no experience. Leave the diagnostics to a data recovery specialist who has experience with all types of hard drives and knows how to perform successful data recovery.
User Guide for Data Recovery-Through Data Recovery Software
A disk drive can be damaged due to a number of causes such as virus attack, voltage glitches, software malfunction, hard disk format, accidental file/directory deletion, human error or even sabotage. Such events cause corruption or damage to the disk drive, and make the data completely inaccessible to the user.
Data Recovery comes into play when your storage stops responding to your request. This is the most critical time for your data and the impending problem with the hard drive. A wrong step can make your hard drive & data inaccessible for ever. First and foremost thing is Don’t Panic!
Now check whether you have a physical failure or logical one. Normally in 80% of cases there is a logical failure. To know the type of failure you have hear whether any ticking sound is coming from the hard drive or not? If not that means that it is a logical failure and you can recover your data through data recovery software.
You can choose the data recovery software by searching on Google with keywords like data recovery software, hard drive recovery etc. While scanning different software product consider these factors:
See to this whether the software supports your systems hardware like RAM (Random Access Memory), Operating Systems (particular Window flavors, Unix, Linux, Solaris etc). You must check your RAM before installing the data recovery software, as these software uses recursive search operation which requires lots of virtual memory. For a fast recovery you have large size of virtual memory. I would recommend 256 MB or 1 GB would be best.
After selecting the software it’s the turn of software Installation. NEVER means NEVER install the software on the same physical drive from where you have lost your data. As it may get over written and you will lose it for ever.
Always use a working computer with a drive having enough free space to store your recovered data.
Verify that the drive in the PC is connected on the Primary Channel as Master.
You can connect the drive as:
• Slave on the primary channel OR AS
• Master or Slave on the secondary channel
Note: You can take help of support executive in your office or your maintenance engineer if you are not comfortable in connecting the drives.
Attaching the Drive in to slave has three simple steps:
• Set the jumpers on the hard drive or CD ROM
• Plug and screw the drive in
• Boot the computer up and make sure the drive is detected
Let’s take the example of Stellar Phoenix Data Recovery Software Run setup.exe from Stellar Phoenix software CDROM or diskette. If you have downloaded Stellar Phoenix from www.stellarinfo.com or a download engine, run the application setup.exe file from windows explorer to begin the installation process.
Note: Make sure you are logged in as administrator before initializing setup, as the software installation requires admin rights in Windows NT/2000/XP.
Setup starts to install the software, creates a desktop shortcut and creates an entry in program groups menu. The default path where software is installed is C:Program FilesStellar Phoenix FAT & NTFS 2.0 Software creates an entry in Add Remove program group for uninstalling the software.
Data Recovery comes into play when your storage stops responding to your request. This is the most critical time for your data and the impending problem with the hard drive. A wrong step can make your hard drive & data inaccessible for ever. First and foremost thing is Don’t Panic!
Now check whether you have a physical failure or logical one. Normally in 80% of cases there is a logical failure. To know the type of failure you have hear whether any ticking sound is coming from the hard drive or not? If not that means that it is a logical failure and you can recover your data through data recovery software.
You can choose the data recovery software by searching on Google with keywords like data recovery software, hard drive recovery etc. While scanning different software product consider these factors:
See to this whether the software supports your systems hardware like RAM (Random Access Memory), Operating Systems (particular Window flavors, Unix, Linux, Solaris etc). You must check your RAM before installing the data recovery software, as these software uses recursive search operation which requires lots of virtual memory. For a fast recovery you have large size of virtual memory. I would recommend 256 MB or 1 GB would be best.
After selecting the software it’s the turn of software Installation. NEVER means NEVER install the software on the same physical drive from where you have lost your data. As it may get over written and you will lose it for ever.
Always use a working computer with a drive having enough free space to store your recovered data.
Verify that the drive in the PC is connected on the Primary Channel as Master.
You can connect the drive as:
• Slave on the primary channel OR AS
• Master or Slave on the secondary channel
Note: You can take help of support executive in your office or your maintenance engineer if you are not comfortable in connecting the drives.
Attaching the Drive in to slave has three simple steps:
• Set the jumpers on the hard drive or CD ROM
• Plug and screw the drive in
• Boot the computer up and make sure the drive is detected
Let’s take the example of Stellar Phoenix Data Recovery Software Run setup.exe from Stellar Phoenix software CDROM or diskette. If you have downloaded Stellar Phoenix from www.stellarinfo.com or a download engine, run the application setup.exe file from windows explorer to begin the installation process.
Note: Make sure you are logged in as administrator before initializing setup, as the software installation requires admin rights in Windows NT/2000/XP.
Setup starts to install the software, creates a desktop shortcut and creates an entry in program groups menu. The default path where software is installed is C:Program FilesStellar Phoenix FAT & NTFS 2.0 Software creates an entry in Add Remove program group for uninstalling the software.
Four Basic Backup Steps
"I have this cool backup tape drive in my new computer and a couple of tapes so I am all set!" That is true, you now have a level of protection that a lot of people do not have but are you going to do it right? Change the tapes regularly, replace them when their life runs out, clean the tape drive and store them offsite?
First, having more than one tape is a good thing but you will need more than the standard four or five. I would suggest slowly adding to the stack at about 5 per week until you have around 35. The reason is simple. Tapes were not meant to be used and reused infinitely.
Which bring me to my second reason. Tapes also wear out and break. They are not indestructible and they should be cared for much like a volatile piece of hardware. After all, it is your data on the tape so keep it safe. They also stretch over time so if you replace your tape drive after three years and you never replaced your tapes; then you might have a problem.
This one catches a lot of people. Clean the tape drive at least once per week. Even though the tapes and the drive itself is new; dust and dirt can get inside the unit. It never fails, when you absolutely need a backup to be made then that is when it will fail because of a dirty head.
Store the tapes offsite. If this is your home computer then think of a place where you can store it routinely. Preferably, at work or a friends house but definitely not on top of the computer.
One last piece of advice. Test your backups. This one act can save you countless problems. It is better to find out that the backup did not work after you made the backup than it is to discover the failure when you need the backup for recovery.
First, having more than one tape is a good thing but you will need more than the standard four or five. I would suggest slowly adding to the stack at about 5 per week until you have around 35. The reason is simple. Tapes were not meant to be used and reused infinitely.
Which bring me to my second reason. Tapes also wear out and break. They are not indestructible and they should be cared for much like a volatile piece of hardware. After all, it is your data on the tape so keep it safe. They also stretch over time so if you replace your tape drive after three years and you never replaced your tapes; then you might have a problem.
This one catches a lot of people. Clean the tape drive at least once per week. Even though the tapes and the drive itself is new; dust and dirt can get inside the unit. It never fails, when you absolutely need a backup to be made then that is when it will fail because of a dirty head.
Store the tapes offsite. If this is your home computer then think of a place where you can store it routinely. Preferably, at work or a friends house but definitely not on top of the computer.
One last piece of advice. Test your backups. This one act can save you countless problems. It is better to find out that the backup did not work after you made the backup than it is to discover the failure when you need the backup for recovery.
How Data Recovery is Performed on Failed RAID 5 Arrays
RAID 5 arrays are used for many applications because they are for the most part cost-effective and provide a level of fault tolerance not provided by some other levels of RAID. As with any RAID level, RAID 5 can experience many different types of problems. This article will provide a brief discussion of some of the problems causing RAID 5 failure and how data recovery can work to solve these problems.
Problems That Can Cause RAID 5 Failure
Bad Sectors
A RAID 5 can fail due to bad sectors on any of the disks in the array. This can force the array to go offline.
Corrupt Data
A RAID 5 can suffer from corrupt data due to many reasons including viruses, user error, overwriting files, and scratches on the surface of the disk platters.
Degraded RAID 5
A RAID 5 becomes degraded when there is a loss of one of the member disks. This causes a huge decrease in performance and also removes the fault tolerance of the RAID 5. Operating a degraded RAID 5 is dangerous because the loss of a second disk will cause the entire array to be lost.
Deleted Files
Many times a user will accidentally delete important data in a RAID 5 array. Other times, it is done intentionally by disgruntled employees. In most situations, deleted files can be recovered.
Missing Partitions
In many cases, the partition table can become corrupt or missing causing an entire partition to disappear or become unusable. This makes data recovery necessary. Attempting recovery with software will increase the risk of permanent data loss.
RAID 5 Controller Failure
A Hardware RAID 5 array uses a controller which contains all of the logic and handles the operations of the array. For many reasons, the array can experience a controller failure. This can cause the array to not boot. It could also cause the logical volume to disappear.
RAID 5 Disk Failure/RAID 5 Drive Failure
A RAID 5 is a set of three or more disk drives. Any of these drives can experience failure. A RAID 5 is configured with the ability to withstand the failure of only one disk at a time. In most cases, the RAID can be recovered in a data recovery lab using parity data written to the disks by the array. Even if more than one disk has failed, data recovery is still possible in a recovery lab.
RAID 5 Firmware Failure
Firmware problems can occur in the RAID controller or the member disk drives.
RAID 5 Rebuild Failure
For various reasons, a RAID 5 array can experience a rebuild failure. This may keep member disks offline and render the array unusable.
Server Crash
Many times, the host server experiences problems and can crash. This of course makes the array unaccessible. A data recovery lab can recover the data from the member disks.
How to Ensure RAID 5 Data Recovery is Successful
If you have experienced a RAID 5 failure, it is important that you do not take matters into your own hands. This can cause the parity data to be overwritten. Parity data, which is written to the member disks, is in many cases vital to ensure a successful recovery. The very first thing you should do is power off the RAID server immediately to ensure that no additional writes are performed. Any events describing what may have happened to cause the problem should be noted. If the member disk drives are removed from the server, they should be labeled in the correct order they were removed. The disk order is very important if time is of the essence. This is also important if you have a large number of member disks.
Problems That Can Cause RAID 5 Failure
Bad Sectors
A RAID 5 can fail due to bad sectors on any of the disks in the array. This can force the array to go offline.
Corrupt Data
A RAID 5 can suffer from corrupt data due to many reasons including viruses, user error, overwriting files, and scratches on the surface of the disk platters.
Degraded RAID 5
A RAID 5 becomes degraded when there is a loss of one of the member disks. This causes a huge decrease in performance and also removes the fault tolerance of the RAID 5. Operating a degraded RAID 5 is dangerous because the loss of a second disk will cause the entire array to be lost.
Deleted Files
Many times a user will accidentally delete important data in a RAID 5 array. Other times, it is done intentionally by disgruntled employees. In most situations, deleted files can be recovered.
Missing Partitions
In many cases, the partition table can become corrupt or missing causing an entire partition to disappear or become unusable. This makes data recovery necessary. Attempting recovery with software will increase the risk of permanent data loss.
RAID 5 Controller Failure
A Hardware RAID 5 array uses a controller which contains all of the logic and handles the operations of the array. For many reasons, the array can experience a controller failure. This can cause the array to not boot. It could also cause the logical volume to disappear.
RAID 5 Disk Failure/RAID 5 Drive Failure
A RAID 5 is a set of three or more disk drives. Any of these drives can experience failure. A RAID 5 is configured with the ability to withstand the failure of only one disk at a time. In most cases, the RAID can be recovered in a data recovery lab using parity data written to the disks by the array. Even if more than one disk has failed, data recovery is still possible in a recovery lab.
RAID 5 Firmware Failure
Firmware problems can occur in the RAID controller or the member disk drives.
RAID 5 Rebuild Failure
For various reasons, a RAID 5 array can experience a rebuild failure. This may keep member disks offline and render the array unusable.
Server Crash
Many times, the host server experiences problems and can crash. This of course makes the array unaccessible. A data recovery lab can recover the data from the member disks.
How to Ensure RAID 5 Data Recovery is Successful
If you have experienced a RAID 5 failure, it is important that you do not take matters into your own hands. This can cause the parity data to be overwritten. Parity data, which is written to the member disks, is in many cases vital to ensure a successful recovery. The very first thing you should do is power off the RAID server immediately to ensure that no additional writes are performed. Any events describing what may have happened to cause the problem should be noted. If the member disk drives are removed from the server, they should be labeled in the correct order they were removed. The disk order is very important if time is of the essence. This is also important if you have a large number of member disks.
Data Recovery Software
Data recovery is not a familiar word with individuals in normal day to day life. The importance of data recovery software comes into existence when an individual experiences data loss situations. He then hopes to get his lost and inaccessible data recovered as soon as possible but has very less knowledge about the data recovery software.
Data Recovery Software are mainly developed to help individuals recover data lost due to virus attacks, hard disk crashes, improper system shutdowns, media errors, accidental deletion of files and folders, fire and water damages, loss due to power outages and many un-defined and unknown reasons.
Is Data Recovery Software Useful?
Yes, data recovery software does prove useful. There are ‘n’ number of data recovery software provider companies existing all around the world, which provide powerful and effective data recovery software range to recover and restore data. The software range is efficient enough to get back your lost data. The data recovery becomes easy and helpful process to have the data back to your computer.
How to select a Data Recovery Company?
As the data recovery industry is emerging very fast, simultaneously are emerging the false and scam artists who declare to provide the data recovery software or data recovery services but at last land you up in paying heavily for the software or service.
As you perform a complete check before purchasing any personal commodity likewise you should also enquire about the company from where you decide to buy data recovery software. Here I will help you out with some checks which should be performed before selecting the data recovery company and my recommendation for a great one.
1. Clean Room:
To recover data from the corrupt and damaged hard drives, it’s necessary that the data recovery company should be equipped with clean room to perform data recovery. Clean room environment with biometric security is required to work on corrupt hard drives as they are extremely sensitive devices. Here 100 rating for clean room refer to the number of micro particles per cubic foot of air and this becomes the safe and secure environment for corrupt hard drive recovery.
2. Clientele:
Analyze the clients of the data recovery company which you select to contact for data recovery software. The best way to judge is by the people who use them. Check the client testimonials – the more, the better.
3. Data Recovery Methods:
Check for the data recovery techniques which data recovery software performs during the recovery procedure. Does the hard drive recovery software use non-destructive methods or the technicians just start the data recovery process on the damaged hard drive. If the technician starts this process on your corrupt hard drive then you can immediately know that the company is not genuine as while doing this it can permanently damage platters and kill your data.
“ Data recovery should always be performed on a good device after which the recovered data can be transferred to an external media. “
4. Percentage of Data Recovery :
Most companies declare 80 % to 90 % of data recovery chances. Always ask for the detailed figures about the said percentage. If the company is true to its figures then it will explain you the entire percentage but if not, you can discover that too – they might not include the cases of drives from which they were not able to recover data, and may declare partial recoveries as complete recoveries.
Always remember to ask questions and make enquiries about the company and hard drive recovery software, as these questions can help you to get back your data with safe means and do help your pocket from heavy expenditures.
Nucleus Data Recovery is such an organization which provides best and professional data recovery software. The data recovery software range offered is fast, technically advanced and safe for your needs of data recovery.
Data Recovery Software are mainly developed to help individuals recover data lost due to virus attacks, hard disk crashes, improper system shutdowns, media errors, accidental deletion of files and folders, fire and water damages, loss due to power outages and many un-defined and unknown reasons.
Is Data Recovery Software Useful?
Yes, data recovery software does prove useful. There are ‘n’ number of data recovery software provider companies existing all around the world, which provide powerful and effective data recovery software range to recover and restore data. The software range is efficient enough to get back your lost data. The data recovery becomes easy and helpful process to have the data back to your computer.
How to select a Data Recovery Company?
As the data recovery industry is emerging very fast, simultaneously are emerging the false and scam artists who declare to provide the data recovery software or data recovery services but at last land you up in paying heavily for the software or service.
As you perform a complete check before purchasing any personal commodity likewise you should also enquire about the company from where you decide to buy data recovery software. Here I will help you out with some checks which should be performed before selecting the data recovery company and my recommendation for a great one.
1. Clean Room:
To recover data from the corrupt and damaged hard drives, it’s necessary that the data recovery company should be equipped with clean room to perform data recovery. Clean room environment with biometric security is required to work on corrupt hard drives as they are extremely sensitive devices. Here 100 rating for clean room refer to the number of micro particles per cubic foot of air and this becomes the safe and secure environment for corrupt hard drive recovery.
2. Clientele:
Analyze the clients of the data recovery company which you select to contact for data recovery software. The best way to judge is by the people who use them. Check the client testimonials – the more, the better.
3. Data Recovery Methods:
Check for the data recovery techniques which data recovery software performs during the recovery procedure. Does the hard drive recovery software use non-destructive methods or the technicians just start the data recovery process on the damaged hard drive. If the technician starts this process on your corrupt hard drive then you can immediately know that the company is not genuine as while doing this it can permanently damage platters and kill your data.
“ Data recovery should always be performed on a good device after which the recovered data can be transferred to an external media. “
4. Percentage of Data Recovery :
Most companies declare 80 % to 90 % of data recovery chances. Always ask for the detailed figures about the said percentage. If the company is true to its figures then it will explain you the entire percentage but if not, you can discover that too – they might not include the cases of drives from which they were not able to recover data, and may declare partial recoveries as complete recoveries.
Always remember to ask questions and make enquiries about the company and hard drive recovery software, as these questions can help you to get back your data with safe means and do help your pocket from heavy expenditures.
Nucleus Data Recovery is such an organization which provides best and professional data recovery software. The data recovery software range offered is fast, technically advanced and safe for your needs of data recovery.
Disaster Recovery
In today's world, businesses are beginning to demand more from their information systems. At the same time, the outer limit of technology is being stretched to its limit to meet this demand. This in turn puts a greater responsibility on the service Organisation, with the kind of daunting challenge that it faces. A standard reactive service does not solve the situation with solutions that it can present. To handle the situation, a more pro-active approach should be adopted to run mission critical operation in today's heterogeneous client/server networks.
If enterprise applications are not planned, taking into consideration all aspects of data loss, this can cripple the enterprise all together. A system downtime can cost the enterprise tens of thousands of dollars per minute, and considering the days it takes for recovery, the loss could be well imagined. Selecting, implementing and maintaining a data disaster recovery infrastructure is a challenging job. If you find that it is making you taking chances, there are such services available, who are professionally experienced, equipped with high availability technology and proven best practices in such disaster management.
To understand a recovery process, you should first understand your current state, find out ways mitigating the risks, and last of all make a thorough plan of recovery. You should use available tools to audit your infrastructure risks and identify the danger in the process, prioritising the system restorations. You shall need to make sure that you have with you the experience in the team, looking after the aspect of data loss and disaster recovery and building up test procedures for various disaster scenarios. The strategy of data or disaster recovery should be where all such disasters are withstood with a well chalked out plan. Such recovery operations are generally transferred to a remote service centre or a facility to have the enterprise back on the rail, within the recovery time objective and the objective targets.
For quite some years, professionals in Information and Technology took disaster recovery to be the simple data recovery process of data files in case of a computer or disk failure. Things are different today, with increasing complexity in data handling and management, data losses are termed as disasters to any enterprise functioning. Today's concept demands the constant availability of the complex data and the notion of the data being made available within a short period of time if there should be that unfortunate data loss or disaster.
Disaster is not just a serious loss of data, a dead hard drive or a power loss, through human error or through malicious software. Instead, a disaster could mean complete loss of communication through out the network, including serious data losses, through-out the enterprise. To handle such situations disaster recovery mandates are necessary that insist on instant recovery.
The impact on user is an important factor when the implementation of high reliability disaster recovery system is being considered and implemented. In the event of the initiation of a recovery process, the user should continue to be connected to data, as the disaster recovery process takes over. The process of disaster recovery should be totally transparent to the user. This is mostly with the instance, when the source and the location of the data changes take place, when the data disaster recovery process is in process. Therefore, user functions should go on uninterrupted and such should be for both, the internal and external users, for example, the users who are accessing the web-servers or your VPN servers. The user function should be a continued process, without having to shut down and restart the system.
There are some basic requirements needed to be considered, while you are planning and designing data recovery procedures for your site. The general guidelines of these requirements include the following:
# You need to make sure that the sites have top level of support from the hardware and software vendors.
# For any mission critical applications, it is mandatory to use uninterrupted power supply.
# You need to set up a system, more appropriately a monitoring tool to proactively detect problems. Your monitoring tool should be capable of event monitoring and problem reporting, may be by sending a message to the email inbox of your DBA. Additionally, the tool needs to monitor space usage and other crucial aspects of data storage in a proactive manner.
# Internet connectivity to your site is a necessity, for, in case of problems your hardware, software vendors or any disaster recovery service agency can remotely access your site and take necessary actions to monitor, diagnose and repair the fault.
# Each of your production sites should have the right hardware protection system. This may include a hard disk mirroring device, implementation of a back-up and recovery plan and stocking of enough spare parts to service your hardware when necessary. RAID (Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks) may be one way to make continuous availability of your data, building up the capability of fault tolerance implementation. However, the reliability of this fault tolerance and improvement of data reliability will depend upon the RAID level used.
# Your production site must be kept in such an environment which is hazard free, and an environmental audit is done from time to time.
# If you have very large database (VLDB), you should preferably maintain a test bed and part of the data should be held in the test bed system. This would be required when you are performing on-site testing and migration planning for future database expansions.
# Operation logs are ideal for such sites, where any kind of physical, design, operational, environmental or scheduled task is logged each time they are performed.
Storage business practices, leading to well formulated disaster recovery planning, is gained from enterprise client implementation and operations. Data recovery services bridge the gap between enterprises having mission critical applications and the experience required for managing the necessity of data recovery and disaster management processes. It has to be understood, that more importantly, the process and people behind that process count more than the technology, and disaster recovery service agencies help their clients in identifying the areas of operational improvements, there-by aligning the necessary technology with the requirement of the clients.
I am a post graduate in Computer Science and have been working as the profit center head of an international organisation. I look after 15 to 18 Oracle database projects in Europe.
As a hobby I have been writing for the last 10+ years on various subject matters. I have expertise in project report preparations, preparations of technical tutoring documents, presentation preparations, writing of technical articles, technical documentations abstructs of various books, copy writing, reviews, articles, proof reading, news papers, magazines,presentations, including SEO articles, etc., and also contributed in writing press releases and various profiles. I have been writing for over 10 years. I have good experience in writing papers, including transcriptions on various topics with extensive research on the subject. I have also participated as a freelancer in online sales and marketing. All my works are quality orginals. I am generally involved with few but large continued assignments in writing technical & non-technical articles.
If enterprise applications are not planned, taking into consideration all aspects of data loss, this can cripple the enterprise all together. A system downtime can cost the enterprise tens of thousands of dollars per minute, and considering the days it takes for recovery, the loss could be well imagined. Selecting, implementing and maintaining a data disaster recovery infrastructure is a challenging job. If you find that it is making you taking chances, there are such services available, who are professionally experienced, equipped with high availability technology and proven best practices in such disaster management.
To understand a recovery process, you should first understand your current state, find out ways mitigating the risks, and last of all make a thorough plan of recovery. You should use available tools to audit your infrastructure risks and identify the danger in the process, prioritising the system restorations. You shall need to make sure that you have with you the experience in the team, looking after the aspect of data loss and disaster recovery and building up test procedures for various disaster scenarios. The strategy of data or disaster recovery should be where all such disasters are withstood with a well chalked out plan. Such recovery operations are generally transferred to a remote service centre or a facility to have the enterprise back on the rail, within the recovery time objective and the objective targets.
For quite some years, professionals in Information and Technology took disaster recovery to be the simple data recovery process of data files in case of a computer or disk failure. Things are different today, with increasing complexity in data handling and management, data losses are termed as disasters to any enterprise functioning. Today's concept demands the constant availability of the complex data and the notion of the data being made available within a short period of time if there should be that unfortunate data loss or disaster.
Disaster is not just a serious loss of data, a dead hard drive or a power loss, through human error or through malicious software. Instead, a disaster could mean complete loss of communication through out the network, including serious data losses, through-out the enterprise. To handle such situations disaster recovery mandates are necessary that insist on instant recovery.
The impact on user is an important factor when the implementation of high reliability disaster recovery system is being considered and implemented. In the event of the initiation of a recovery process, the user should continue to be connected to data, as the disaster recovery process takes over. The process of disaster recovery should be totally transparent to the user. This is mostly with the instance, when the source and the location of the data changes take place, when the data disaster recovery process is in process. Therefore, user functions should go on uninterrupted and such should be for both, the internal and external users, for example, the users who are accessing the web-servers or your VPN servers. The user function should be a continued process, without having to shut down and restart the system.
There are some basic requirements needed to be considered, while you are planning and designing data recovery procedures for your site. The general guidelines of these requirements include the following:
# You need to make sure that the sites have top level of support from the hardware and software vendors.
# For any mission critical applications, it is mandatory to use uninterrupted power supply.
# You need to set up a system, more appropriately a monitoring tool to proactively detect problems. Your monitoring tool should be capable of event monitoring and problem reporting, may be by sending a message to the email inbox of your DBA. Additionally, the tool needs to monitor space usage and other crucial aspects of data storage in a proactive manner.
# Internet connectivity to your site is a necessity, for, in case of problems your hardware, software vendors or any disaster recovery service agency can remotely access your site and take necessary actions to monitor, diagnose and repair the fault.
# Each of your production sites should have the right hardware protection system. This may include a hard disk mirroring device, implementation of a back-up and recovery plan and stocking of enough spare parts to service your hardware when necessary. RAID (Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks) may be one way to make continuous availability of your data, building up the capability of fault tolerance implementation. However, the reliability of this fault tolerance and improvement of data reliability will depend upon the RAID level used.
# Your production site must be kept in such an environment which is hazard free, and an environmental audit is done from time to time.
# If you have very large database (VLDB), you should preferably maintain a test bed and part of the data should be held in the test bed system. This would be required when you are performing on-site testing and migration planning for future database expansions.
# Operation logs are ideal for such sites, where any kind of physical, design, operational, environmental or scheduled task is logged each time they are performed.
Storage business practices, leading to well formulated disaster recovery planning, is gained from enterprise client implementation and operations. Data recovery services bridge the gap between enterprises having mission critical applications and the experience required for managing the necessity of data recovery and disaster management processes. It has to be understood, that more importantly, the process and people behind that process count more than the technology, and disaster recovery service agencies help their clients in identifying the areas of operational improvements, there-by aligning the necessary technology with the requirement of the clients.
I am a post graduate in Computer Science and have been working as the profit center head of an international organisation. I look after 15 to 18 Oracle database projects in Europe.
As a hobby I have been writing for the last 10+ years on various subject matters. I have expertise in project report preparations, preparations of technical tutoring documents, presentation preparations, writing of technical articles, technical documentations abstructs of various books, copy writing, reviews, articles, proof reading, news papers, magazines,presentations, including SEO articles, etc., and also contributed in writing press releases and various profiles. I have been writing for over 10 years. I have good experience in writing papers, including transcriptions on various topics with extensive research on the subject. I have also participated as a freelancer in online sales and marketing. All my works are quality orginals. I am generally involved with few but large continued assignments in writing technical & non-technical articles.
5 Tips For Backing Up Your Files
It has happened to nearly everyone at one point or another; we have lost some or all of our data - whether it be due to a computer crash, virus, losing the only disc, or deleting the only copy. Whatever the case may be, there are steps you can take to reduce the risk and not be put in that position again.
The key to backing up your files is to devise some type of system that works best for you and stick to it. You may choose to do it manually or use an automatic backup program. Whatever your case is, stick with it and do it frequently. Also, name and date your backups. If you have multiple versions, you will be able to tell which version is the most recent.
Hard Drives - Today external hard drives are so cheap that everyone should have one. They are not only perfect for storing all of those family photos and mp3's, but the perfect solution for backing up critical files and in most cases ALL of your files. They are also a fast way to backup large files that may be too big for CDs or even DVDs.
CDs & DVDs - Backing up your files on a CD or DVD is also very important. Hard drives can go corrupt, get viruses, and can crash. Once your files are burned on a disc they are relatively safe. Blank discs are so cheap that it should be a part of everyones backup procedure. Discs are also a prefect solution for archiving files that you no longer need on your computer.
Offsite Backup - It is also extremely important to have at least some form of off-site backup. You could have a dozen backups at your home or office, but something could happen to that location such as a fire, theft, or a natural disaster. They will not do you any good if they are all lost. A simple fix is to keep a copy of your files at both your home and office. Or mail CDs or DVDs of your files to a friend or relative in another location. If something were to happen you would at least have that as a "fail safe". Also Online Storage is another form of off-site backup.
Online Storage - There are plenty of online options such as xdrive (www.xdrive.com) and box (www.box.net) that range in price from free or start at around $5 a month. You may also use your current web-hosting as another form of backup. Most hosting plans offer at least 5 gigabytes of hosting space. You could create a folder on there called backup and upload all your files there.
Other Alternatives - Most web-based email accounts offer a large amount of storage space that could be used to backup files. Either upload your files there, if that is an option, or simply email yourself an attachment and you have another copy of it online. There is a great service called yousendit (www.yousendit.com) that allows you to email large attachments. It only stores them online for 7 days, but it is a good way to send a large file from the office to your home to then backup later.
*Side Note - Battery backup systems for your desktop computer are a must have in case of a power outage. They will keep your computer running for several minutes giving you time to save and shut down your computer. No more loosing files due to power outages.
The key to backing up your files is to devise some type of system that works best for you and stick to it. You may choose to do it manually or use an automatic backup program. Whatever your case is, stick with it and do it frequently. Also, name and date your backups. If you have multiple versions, you will be able to tell which version is the most recent.
Hard Drives - Today external hard drives are so cheap that everyone should have one. They are not only perfect for storing all of those family photos and mp3's, but the perfect solution for backing up critical files and in most cases ALL of your files. They are also a fast way to backup large files that may be too big for CDs or even DVDs.
CDs & DVDs - Backing up your files on a CD or DVD is also very important. Hard drives can go corrupt, get viruses, and can crash. Once your files are burned on a disc they are relatively safe. Blank discs are so cheap that it should be a part of everyones backup procedure. Discs are also a prefect solution for archiving files that you no longer need on your computer.
Offsite Backup - It is also extremely important to have at least some form of off-site backup. You could have a dozen backups at your home or office, but something could happen to that location such as a fire, theft, or a natural disaster. They will not do you any good if they are all lost. A simple fix is to keep a copy of your files at both your home and office. Or mail CDs or DVDs of your files to a friend or relative in another location. If something were to happen you would at least have that as a "fail safe". Also Online Storage is another form of off-site backup.
Online Storage - There are plenty of online options such as xdrive (www.xdrive.com) and box (www.box.net) that range in price from free or start at around $5 a month. You may also use your current web-hosting as another form of backup. Most hosting plans offer at least 5 gigabytes of hosting space. You could create a folder on there called backup and upload all your files there.
Other Alternatives - Most web-based email accounts offer a large amount of storage space that could be used to backup files. Either upload your files there, if that is an option, or simply email yourself an attachment and you have another copy of it online. There is a great service called yousendit (www.yousendit.com) that allows you to email large attachments. It only stores them online for 7 days, but it is a good way to send a large file from the office to your home to then backup later.
*Side Note - Battery backup systems for your desktop computer are a must have in case of a power outage. They will keep your computer running for several minutes giving you time to save and shut down your computer. No more loosing files due to power outages.
Five Steps to Assuring Successful Recovery of Data
According to the National Archives & Records Administration in Washington, D.C., 93% of companies that lost their data center for 10 or more days due to a disaster filed for bankruptcy within one year.
Whether your business data is in the form of a customer electronic database, office documents or e-mail content, this statistic illustrates the importance of data in any business. Typically, without data, there is no business.
When this vital data is suddenly not available, the business suffers. Data can become corrupted because of various reasons, including:
* Hardware & system failure
* Human error (accidental deletion & overwrites)
* Software corruption (upgrades & installations)
* Electrical damage (power surges, outages)
* Natural disasters (floods, fires, earthquakes)
* Computer viruses
* Malicious behavior (disgruntled employees)
* Backup tools and techniques are not implemented
The good news is that your data, whether it's housed on a single hard drive, multi-drive RAID arrays, external hard drives or some other media, is likely not gone forever. But, in order to get your vital data back, you must first take action.
Before you can get your data back, it's vital that you follow these five data recovery tips:
STEP ONE: Determine the value of the data. Before you try to recover the data from your computer, you should first determine what the value of the data is to your company. If the data is not essential to your operation and has no potential future ramifications then you could attempt to recover the data yourself.
In the real world, however, most data is crucial in day-to-day business. In fact, U.S. businesses lose on average $12 billion per year because of data loss. In an Ontrack report entitled 2001 Cost of Downtime Survey Results, 28% of respondents said that data loss would cost them between $51,000 and $250,000 per hour and 25% said it would cost them more than $251,000 per hour.
You actually need to be evaluating the cost of your data on an hourly basis. Twenty-one percent of respondents in the same Ontrack survey said that their company would be in serious risk if they lost their data for 48 hours. Twenty-four percent said that their business is at risk in less than a day of data loss.
So if you're experiencing a hard drive crash, server problems or another crisis where data loss could be imminent, ask yourself:
* How will it affect me and my company if I lose this data?
* What will it cost me in dollars and down-time to re-enter this data?
* Can I recreate this data if I need to?
If you conclude your data is essential, stop what you're doing and turn off the system and follow the remaining steps.
STEP TWO: Don't listen to anyone but a data recovery specialist. Data recovery is a highly specialized task that only experts should perform. Your corporate IT folks may think they know what they're doing, but they don't. Not even the system manufacturers are able tell you the right steps to take to recover your data.
Do not listen to anybody, including the manufacturers that tell you to rebuild the array, re-stripe it or reconfigure it. The difference between a RAID and a single drive is the complexity in the way it writes to these drives. If you do the wrong thing, it completely wipes it out and reduces any chance of recovering data.
STEP THREE: Gather information about what happened. When you realize your hard drive is having a problem, the first thing you must do is turn off your system. If your hard drive is clicking, for example, continued use may damage the platters and make your data unrecoverable.
Next, write down the symptoms, which could include:
* Hard drive clicking
* RAID drives in degraded mode
* RAID controller failure
* Empty containers
* Volume not mounting or recognized a BIOS error
Then make a note of exactly what was happening before you discovered the problem:
* Write down what error messages you received
* What the screen condition is
* How many drives are affected
* The position of the array
* The block and stripe size%u2014both forward and backward.
It's essential you gather as much information as possible and be honest about what is happening.
The reason this information gathering step is so important is that many employees or IT professionals fear they'll get reprimanded or lose their jobs if it is discovered that human error caused the server crash. Therefore, they often don't disclose all of the necessary information.
Since human error accounts for 11% of all data loss, it would save you a lot of valuable time, if the data recovery company who you are working with had all of the information up front. Even information that may be embarrassing or not seem relevant is important to share.
STEP FOUR: Never restore or rebuild the hard drive and use it again as if nothing happened. If your server has failed, you should not attempt to manually rebuild the array. If you do, you'll overwrite the original structure, stripping and destroying the data that you need to recover.
Many IT professionals think the solution to the problem is to backup data onto the array that is damaged. If the backup array is faulty, the IT professional just restored garbage on top of good data.
Furthermore, if the hard drive becomes inaccessible or fails, many IT professionals will run a fresh installation of the operating systems. But if they've reformatted the hard drive, they've just eliminated any data that was there.
If you have to install software, do not do it on the same drive from which you're trying to recover data, because the more you write on a drive the more you run the risk of overwriting the sector your data's on.
Instead of fixing the problem yourself, turn the PC, server or laptop over to a professional data recovery expert to avoid permanent consequences of data loss on your hard drive.
STEP FIVE: Call an expert! Essentially, most data is recoverable. You can even find professionals who will recovery your data in emergency situations where time is of the essence. The best thing to do is to follow the steps above and call a data recovery specialist. You'll eliminate the guess work and be assured you're doing all of the right things to recover your data.
Whether your business data is in the form of a customer electronic database, office documents or e-mail content, this statistic illustrates the importance of data in any business. Typically, without data, there is no business.
When this vital data is suddenly not available, the business suffers. Data can become corrupted because of various reasons, including:
* Hardware & system failure
* Human error (accidental deletion & overwrites)
* Software corruption (upgrades & installations)
* Electrical damage (power surges, outages)
* Natural disasters (floods, fires, earthquakes)
* Computer viruses
* Malicious behavior (disgruntled employees)
* Backup tools and techniques are not implemented
The good news is that your data, whether it's housed on a single hard drive, multi-drive RAID arrays, external hard drives or some other media, is likely not gone forever. But, in order to get your vital data back, you must first take action.
Before you can get your data back, it's vital that you follow these five data recovery tips:
STEP ONE: Determine the value of the data. Before you try to recover the data from your computer, you should first determine what the value of the data is to your company. If the data is not essential to your operation and has no potential future ramifications then you could attempt to recover the data yourself.
In the real world, however, most data is crucial in day-to-day business. In fact, U.S. businesses lose on average $12 billion per year because of data loss. In an Ontrack report entitled 2001 Cost of Downtime Survey Results, 28% of respondents said that data loss would cost them between $51,000 and $250,000 per hour and 25% said it would cost them more than $251,000 per hour.
You actually need to be evaluating the cost of your data on an hourly basis. Twenty-one percent of respondents in the same Ontrack survey said that their company would be in serious risk if they lost their data for 48 hours. Twenty-four percent said that their business is at risk in less than a day of data loss.
So if you're experiencing a hard drive crash, server problems or another crisis where data loss could be imminent, ask yourself:
* How will it affect me and my company if I lose this data?
* What will it cost me in dollars and down-time to re-enter this data?
* Can I recreate this data if I need to?
If you conclude your data is essential, stop what you're doing and turn off the system and follow the remaining steps.
STEP TWO: Don't listen to anyone but a data recovery specialist. Data recovery is a highly specialized task that only experts should perform. Your corporate IT folks may think they know what they're doing, but they don't. Not even the system manufacturers are able tell you the right steps to take to recover your data.
Do not listen to anybody, including the manufacturers that tell you to rebuild the array, re-stripe it or reconfigure it. The difference between a RAID and a single drive is the complexity in the way it writes to these drives. If you do the wrong thing, it completely wipes it out and reduces any chance of recovering data.
STEP THREE: Gather information about what happened. When you realize your hard drive is having a problem, the first thing you must do is turn off your system. If your hard drive is clicking, for example, continued use may damage the platters and make your data unrecoverable.
Next, write down the symptoms, which could include:
* Hard drive clicking
* RAID drives in degraded mode
* RAID controller failure
* Empty containers
* Volume not mounting or recognized a BIOS error
Then make a note of exactly what was happening before you discovered the problem:
* Write down what error messages you received
* What the screen condition is
* How many drives are affected
* The position of the array
* The block and stripe size%u2014both forward and backward.
It's essential you gather as much information as possible and be honest about what is happening.
The reason this information gathering step is so important is that many employees or IT professionals fear they'll get reprimanded or lose their jobs if it is discovered that human error caused the server crash. Therefore, they often don't disclose all of the necessary information.
Since human error accounts for 11% of all data loss, it would save you a lot of valuable time, if the data recovery company who you are working with had all of the information up front. Even information that may be embarrassing or not seem relevant is important to share.
STEP FOUR: Never restore or rebuild the hard drive and use it again as if nothing happened. If your server has failed, you should not attempt to manually rebuild the array. If you do, you'll overwrite the original structure, stripping and destroying the data that you need to recover.
Many IT professionals think the solution to the problem is to backup data onto the array that is damaged. If the backup array is faulty, the IT professional just restored garbage on top of good data.
Furthermore, if the hard drive becomes inaccessible or fails, many IT professionals will run a fresh installation of the operating systems. But if they've reformatted the hard drive, they've just eliminated any data that was there.
If you have to install software, do not do it on the same drive from which you're trying to recover data, because the more you write on a drive the more you run the risk of overwriting the sector your data's on.
Instead of fixing the problem yourself, turn the PC, server or laptop over to a professional data recovery expert to avoid permanent consequences of data loss on your hard drive.
STEP FIVE: Call an expert! Essentially, most data is recoverable. You can even find professionals who will recovery your data in emergency situations where time is of the essence. The best thing to do is to follow the steps above and call a data recovery specialist. You'll eliminate the guess work and be assured you're doing all of the right things to recover your data.
What Causes "Inaccessible Boot Device" Stop Error 0x0000007B?
An inaccessible boot device stop error can be caused by any of the following and typically associated with an error in the Windows operating system or hardware upgrade. Some common causes could include:
* A boot sector virus
* Corrupt Windows registry
* Upgrading the motherboard in your computer
Not all inaccessible boot device errors are caused by the operating system. Sometimes they may be the result of a physical hard drive crash or damage to the disk drive.
* Moving a boot drive from one computer to another
* Bad or partially connected data cables
* Bad sectors on the hard drive
* Power surge or outage
The most commonly recommended solution to this inaccessible boot device error is to format the hard drive and run a fresh reinstall of the operating system.
There is a problem with this recommendation...You will lose your data! You should only reinstall or format the hard drive if you are absolutely sure you do not need any of the files from it (you can only be sure after you check your backups).
Customers and technicians alike who thought they had backed up or saved their data from a hard drive only to realize that after formatting, there were files that hadn't been saved or weren't included in the backup session.
In most cases, data can be recovered after a hard drive has been formatted or after a fresh install of the operating system has been performed. However, there is always a risk that all of your data may not be recoverable, especially if the drive has been used after the format or reinstall.
Technical Support Told Me To! Nearly every day technical support technicians tell users to run their recovery disk. This is not a solution if you don't want to lose your data! An experienced data recovery specialist can usually recover data at this point, but e-mail and other files may be corrupt and it's tough to get a 100% recovery.
When it comes to recovering vital data from a crashed hard drive, you need to choose a company that has the experience, training, and equipment necessary to recover your files.
* A boot sector virus
* Corrupt Windows registry
* Upgrading the motherboard in your computer
Not all inaccessible boot device errors are caused by the operating system. Sometimes they may be the result of a physical hard drive crash or damage to the disk drive.
* Moving a boot drive from one computer to another
* Bad or partially connected data cables
* Bad sectors on the hard drive
* Power surge or outage
The most commonly recommended solution to this inaccessible boot device error is to format the hard drive and run a fresh reinstall of the operating system.
There is a problem with this recommendation...You will lose your data! You should only reinstall or format the hard drive if you are absolutely sure you do not need any of the files from it (you can only be sure after you check your backups).
Customers and technicians alike who thought they had backed up or saved their data from a hard drive only to realize that after formatting, there were files that hadn't been saved or weren't included in the backup session.
In most cases, data can be recovered after a hard drive has been formatted or after a fresh install of the operating system has been performed. However, there is always a risk that all of your data may not be recoverable, especially if the drive has been used after the format or reinstall.
Technical Support Told Me To! Nearly every day technical support technicians tell users to run their recovery disk. This is not a solution if you don't want to lose your data! An experienced data recovery specialist can usually recover data at this point, but e-mail and other files may be corrupt and it's tough to get a 100% recovery.
When it comes to recovering vital data from a crashed hard drive, you need to choose a company that has the experience, training, and equipment necessary to recover your files.
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