Linux is valuable not only as an operating system but also as a gateway to all of the codes used to create it. This means that it can be adapted to suit your particular needs. However useful and valuable Linux systems may be, they aren't infallible. They are just as vulnerable to data loss as other computer operating systems.
A unique new technology is being used in Linux data recovery. During a scan, IntelligentScan reads data directly from the disk to determine the extent of the damage. It analyses the data and attempts to sort it into different record categories. Some of the categories include: MBR records, FAT Boot sector records, MFT records, HFS/HFS+ Volume Header, and HFS/HFS+ Btree+ Node.
Each record type has a unique structure that is known to data recovery specialists. Specialists also have knowledge regarding the values of record fields and the relations between the fields for each record type. This knowledge allows them to determine a record type for the data. If data can't be assigned to a specific record type with any certainty, it can be assigned to the type that is the most likely option. If it's difficult to identify only one probable type, it's possible to assign data to several record types, all of which will generate possible files.
The standard practice for data recovery companies is to create a list for each record type. The list includes the records that have been assigned to a type, along with their assignment probability. Different lists can be created, many of which will contain the same data. The information on all of the lists will be analysed and used to generate a list of found partitions. The new list will include information regarding partition parameters such as probable size, cluster size, existence probability and file system type.
Recovery specialists use the file and partition lists to reconstruct file systems and files on the found partitions. It's possible to assign one file to several different partitions. On completion of the hard disk scan, the technicians are able to show all of the found partitions. The parameters can then be manually corrected, provided enough information is available to do so.
IntelligentScan technology enables the recovery of files on new and existing partitions. Data can also be recovered from partitions that have been deleted or reformatted.
In the biological world it can take thousands of years for a species to evolve and climb one rung up the evolutionary ladder. In the technological world, especially the world of computers, evolution seems to occur on a weekly basis. Technology advances at a rapid rate, which allows us to do more with it, which in turn leads to more advanced technology. As we continue to develop, and as data recovery methods evolve, it will soon be possible to reconstruct every move ever made on a computer, no matter how bad the damage. This is bad news for those who use their pcs for nefarious means, but for those of us trying to earn an honest living, it sounds like an outstanding safety net against data loss.
Wednesday, December 19, 2007
The iPod And The Data Recovery Software
The Apple iPod has taken the audio world by storm. When it was first introduced to the public, it was snapped up so quickly that suppliers often ran out of stock and had waiting lists that were weeks long. Apple soon realised the marketing and entertainment potential that the little device held. The hard drives grew rapidly and their range expanded from music storage and playing to include photo viewing capability and video playback. Even though the hard drive is prone to the same inherent risks and dangers of all hard drives i.e. viruses, formatting and data loss, the age of the iPod has arrived.
IPods come in a variety of styles, each with different features and special functions. The iPod Classic has come a long way since its inception as a strictly musical device. It now comes in two sizes, 80Gb and 160GB, and has audio as well as video capabilities. It comes with an Extras menu where you'll find features such as a calendar, a clock and a space for all your contacts. There is also a function that allows you to lock your screen with a four-digit combination.
The iPod Touch has a multi-touch interface, which allows you to access all of the features and adjust systems using only your fingers. Aside from being able to effortlessly switch between albums and songs and flick through and enlarge photos at will there is also a QWERTY touch screen keyboard. This makes surfing the web with your Wi-Fi connection easier, just another one of the special features of the iPod Touch. An ambient light sensor detects changes in the light around you and adjusts the brightness of the screen to suit the environment. This not only enhances your experience of the iPod, it also saves on battery power.
One of the few flaws in Apple iPods is their reliance on inbuilt hard drives, so they face the same potential data loss risks as all hard drive systems face. Data recovery companies can restore lost data from iPods, but there is also data recovery software available that is just as reliable.
The software is able to recover data from iPod drives that have been formatted or corrupted by viruses. The drives are also vulnerable to physical damage from being dropped and banged around or can simply malfunction due to a fault in their hardware. Data lost in this way is also fully recoverable with the use of data recovery software. Images, videos, photos and music that have been accidentally deleted can be easily restored.
As iPods continue to develop more elaborate features and meet more entertainment needs, the demand for them increases. Apple discovered a niche in the audio market and filled it, expanding to every corner and crevice. It remains to be seen whether or not they left any room for competitors, as so far no one has risen to the challenge and developed quite as spectacularly as Apple has. The age of the iPod is upon us, and it seems that the little device is bent on world domination.
IPods come in a variety of styles, each with different features and special functions. The iPod Classic has come a long way since its inception as a strictly musical device. It now comes in two sizes, 80Gb and 160GB, and has audio as well as video capabilities. It comes with an Extras menu where you'll find features such as a calendar, a clock and a space for all your contacts. There is also a function that allows you to lock your screen with a four-digit combination.
The iPod Touch has a multi-touch interface, which allows you to access all of the features and adjust systems using only your fingers. Aside from being able to effortlessly switch between albums and songs and flick through and enlarge photos at will there is also a QWERTY touch screen keyboard. This makes surfing the web with your Wi-Fi connection easier, just another one of the special features of the iPod Touch. An ambient light sensor detects changes in the light around you and adjusts the brightness of the screen to suit the environment. This not only enhances your experience of the iPod, it also saves on battery power.
One of the few flaws in Apple iPods is their reliance on inbuilt hard drives, so they face the same potential data loss risks as all hard drive systems face. Data recovery companies can restore lost data from iPods, but there is also data recovery software available that is just as reliable.
The software is able to recover data from iPod drives that have been formatted or corrupted by viruses. The drives are also vulnerable to physical damage from being dropped and banged around or can simply malfunction due to a fault in their hardware. Data lost in this way is also fully recoverable with the use of data recovery software. Images, videos, photos and music that have been accidentally deleted can be easily restored.
As iPods continue to develop more elaborate features and meet more entertainment needs, the demand for them increases. Apple discovered a niche in the audio market and filled it, expanding to every corner and crevice. It remains to be seen whether or not they left any room for competitors, as so far no one has risen to the challenge and developed quite as spectacularly as Apple has. The age of the iPod is upon us, and it seems that the little device is bent on world domination.
Thursday, December 13, 2007
Determine The Failure Type Of Hard Disk And Recovery
As the hard disk is just the de facto storage device in home computers, it is best if the user knows more about the hard disk.
What is more important though, is to know when your disk fails. Since it stores just about all your data, an irreversible failure means that your data goes down along with it.
This is especially true when you suffer hard disk crash. Thus here I have written a guide that is a good guideline to determining the kind of failure that you are suffering from and what measures to take to minimize the damage done.
Sounds
Sounds are a good indicator of a head crash. If you hear any clicking, grinding, scraping, these are indications that your hard disk is suffering/has suffered head crash. Otherwise, the failure is logical in nature.
In fact, it is the most obvious sign of a head crash that any data company worth their salt will immediately diagnose it as such and give you advice to take measures to prevent further damage to your hard disk.
However, if you hear whirring sounds but your computer fails to boot up, it is another kind of hardware failure. The controller chip on the PCB containing the firmware could have suffered damage, usually a result of power surge. This results in the read-write head being unable to properly track the sectors on the platter, and it keeps retrying again and again to read. Or it could even affect the way the different components of the hard disk interact.
The whirring sound is made when the platters spin and stop as the read write head attempts to read information off it.
BIOS
If your hard disk can be detected in BIOS, the most likely cause of failure is logical in nature.
On the other hand if BIOS does not detect the disk, check the internal power connector and connector ribbon is properly attached. There is a possibility that the connection from the motherboard to the disk is not proper. Detach and attach both connectors to see if this problem is clears up.
Once you have done that check, and it still can't be detected by BIOS, then possibly you have encountered hardware failure. This failure can range from electrical to mechanical faults.
System and hardware check
If your hard disk is detected by bios, but your computer shuts down randomly, there are 2 main possible causes; system overheat or faulty hardware.
Check the ventilation holes of your computer, to see if they are choked with dust and other impurities. These holes facilitate ventilation, and keep your system temperature down. Remember to clean the internal fans also, which include the processor fans, the PSU fans and so on.
A hot internal system can cause the various computer components to overheat function improperly. When these components overheat, performance is affected. Your system will sometimes randomly restart itself, or even shut down. The hard disk, for example, is more susceptible to crashes in this situation.
If your ventilation is cleaned but the system still shuts down once in a while, you may have faulty hardware. In most cases, it is the RAM, so you can try swapping it out and see if the problem persists.
Operating System
The system files of your operating system could be corrupted, if your computer can still boot up your operating system (like Windows), but it intermittently hangs, fails to boot up or just simply freeze.
If your operating system doesn't load up at all, and you get error messages such as "invalid partition", "Missing Operating System" or "Error Loading Operating System", there is almost certain that your partitions are causing problems.
Bad Sectors check
If none of the above checks yield any results, the underlying problem could be much worse.
If you can boot up you can load Windows YET the computer crashes occasionally even after you have checked for any system heating problems and other hardware problems, bad sectors might be the problem you are looking at.
OR
If you cannot even startup you computer, there is still that possibility that bad sectors is current suffering.
To check for bad sectors, you can either use Windows chkdsk/scandsk. However, might I recommend ADRC's hard disk checker, which is free too.
Download ADRC's hard disk checker here.
Download and unzip. Run the application (no installations needed), and simply select the disk you are having problems with and click check.
If you cannot startup your computer, detach your hard disk and install it into another computer with a working Windows system and scan from there.
Partitions check
You can use fdisk from Windows 98 bootdisk to see if you can view partitions.
To create Windows boot disk, you can go to our "creating boot disk" guide.
Restart your computer, and boot with your newly created boot disk instead of your hard disk. If Fdisk can see any partitions, most likely your hard disk failure is logical of nature.
If you can see any partitions, you can check the boot sector with our ADRC data recovery tools, and see if the boot sector has any errors. Detach your hard disk from your current system and install it into another working system as a secondary disk.
Download ADRC data recovery tools.
Once you have downloaded and unzipped the file, run the application. Under the tools tab, select the "Boot Builder" command. Then, select the disk letter. After which, select the file system (NTFS for Windows XP users) and the click the "Read Boot Sector" command.
Even if Fdsk cannot detect any partitions, so long as there is no "No Fix Disk" error, the failure is still logical in nature. If however if you see the "No fix disk" error, the failure is hardware based, and if you decide to go for recovery, the costs will be high.
Hopefully, this guide will be useful to you in assessing the nature of your hard disk failure. This is crucial, especially if you decide to go for a professional data recovery service so that you don't be blindsided by not knowing the difference between a hardware failure, hard disk failure, crash, or a logical failure.s
What is more important though, is to know when your disk fails. Since it stores just about all your data, an irreversible failure means that your data goes down along with it.
This is especially true when you suffer hard disk crash. Thus here I have written a guide that is a good guideline to determining the kind of failure that you are suffering from and what measures to take to minimize the damage done.
Sounds
Sounds are a good indicator of a head crash. If you hear any clicking, grinding, scraping, these are indications that your hard disk is suffering/has suffered head crash. Otherwise, the failure is logical in nature.
In fact, it is the most obvious sign of a head crash that any data company worth their salt will immediately diagnose it as such and give you advice to take measures to prevent further damage to your hard disk.
However, if you hear whirring sounds but your computer fails to boot up, it is another kind of hardware failure. The controller chip on the PCB containing the firmware could have suffered damage, usually a result of power surge. This results in the read-write head being unable to properly track the sectors on the platter, and it keeps retrying again and again to read. Or it could even affect the way the different components of the hard disk interact.
The whirring sound is made when the platters spin and stop as the read write head attempts to read information off it.
BIOS
If your hard disk can be detected in BIOS, the most likely cause of failure is logical in nature.
On the other hand if BIOS does not detect the disk, check the internal power connector and connector ribbon is properly attached. There is a possibility that the connection from the motherboard to the disk is not proper. Detach and attach both connectors to see if this problem is clears up.
Once you have done that check, and it still can't be detected by BIOS, then possibly you have encountered hardware failure. This failure can range from electrical to mechanical faults.
System and hardware check
If your hard disk is detected by bios, but your computer shuts down randomly, there are 2 main possible causes; system overheat or faulty hardware.
Check the ventilation holes of your computer, to see if they are choked with dust and other impurities. These holes facilitate ventilation, and keep your system temperature down. Remember to clean the internal fans also, which include the processor fans, the PSU fans and so on.
A hot internal system can cause the various computer components to overheat function improperly. When these components overheat, performance is affected. Your system will sometimes randomly restart itself, or even shut down. The hard disk, for example, is more susceptible to crashes in this situation.
If your ventilation is cleaned but the system still shuts down once in a while, you may have faulty hardware. In most cases, it is the RAM, so you can try swapping it out and see if the problem persists.
Operating System
The system files of your operating system could be corrupted, if your computer can still boot up your operating system (like Windows), but it intermittently hangs, fails to boot up or just simply freeze.
If your operating system doesn't load up at all, and you get error messages such as "invalid partition", "Missing Operating System" or "Error Loading Operating System", there is almost certain that your partitions are causing problems.
Bad Sectors check
If none of the above checks yield any results, the underlying problem could be much worse.
If you can boot up you can load Windows YET the computer crashes occasionally even after you have checked for any system heating problems and other hardware problems, bad sectors might be the problem you are looking at.
OR
If you cannot even startup you computer, there is still that possibility that bad sectors is current suffering.
To check for bad sectors, you can either use Windows chkdsk/scandsk. However, might I recommend ADRC's hard disk checker, which is free too.
Download ADRC's hard disk checker here.
Download and unzip. Run the application (no installations needed), and simply select the disk you are having problems with and click check.
If you cannot startup your computer, detach your hard disk and install it into another computer with a working Windows system and scan from there.
Partitions check
You can use fdisk from Windows 98 bootdisk to see if you can view partitions.
To create Windows boot disk, you can go to our "creating boot disk" guide.
Restart your computer, and boot with your newly created boot disk instead of your hard disk. If Fdisk can see any partitions, most likely your hard disk failure is logical of nature.
If you can see any partitions, you can check the boot sector with our ADRC data recovery tools, and see if the boot sector has any errors. Detach your hard disk from your current system and install it into another working system as a secondary disk.
Download ADRC data recovery tools.
Once you have downloaded and unzipped the file, run the application. Under the tools tab, select the "Boot Builder" command. Then, select the disk letter. After which, select the file system (NTFS for Windows XP users) and the click the "Read Boot Sector" command.
Even if Fdsk cannot detect any partitions, so long as there is no "No Fix Disk" error, the failure is still logical in nature. If however if you see the "No fix disk" error, the failure is hardware based, and if you decide to go for recovery, the costs will be high.
Hopefully, this guide will be useful to you in assessing the nature of your hard disk failure. This is crucial, especially if you decide to go for a professional data recovery service so that you don't be blindsided by not knowing the difference between a hardware failure, hard disk failure, crash, or a logical failure.s
Features Of Online Data Storage Backup
Online data storage backup enables businesses to have a secure coverage of their data that they can backup on the Internet.
There are various sites that provide online back up storage such as Mozy, Carbonite, Xdrive and IBackup which enable business to store and share their files online. However while deciding for online backup, it is necessary that one should have the adequate platform for storage, which may vary from storage of multimedia to encrypted files.
Online data storage backup can be enabled through Exchange data servers, SQL databases and system states. Businesses must ensure whether they are going to enable the sharing of data. Some of the features of it can be stated as follows:
• Costs: The cost for storing data depends upon the amount of information that one is storing. For example, if one is storing data in Xdrive, individuals will get 5GB of free space with charges of $10 for 50 GB per month. In order to upload the file many sites provide accelerator software that enables the compression and faster uploading of files.
• Security: The crucial feature of online back up storage is seen in terms of file sharing and that the files that are stored on the server are not available for accessibility to other users on the Internet. Another important security feature is seen in terms of incremental transfer of data. Data during uploading or downloading should not be lost.
• Websites: There are various websites that are hosting online data storage. Some of these sites include Apcana Data Deposit Box, Xdrive, IBackup and Mozy. All these websites have their own packages for storing online data
This has become an important criterion for individuals and businesses to have adequate storage of files. Especially when portable devices fail to prove an adequate measure for storing files, online data storage becomes necessary.
There are various sites that provide online back up storage such as Mozy, Carbonite, Xdrive and IBackup which enable business to store and share their files online. However while deciding for online backup, it is necessary that one should have the adequate platform for storage, which may vary from storage of multimedia to encrypted files.
Online data storage backup can be enabled through Exchange data servers, SQL databases and system states. Businesses must ensure whether they are going to enable the sharing of data. Some of the features of it can be stated as follows:
• Costs: The cost for storing data depends upon the amount of information that one is storing. For example, if one is storing data in Xdrive, individuals will get 5GB of free space with charges of $10 for 50 GB per month. In order to upload the file many sites provide accelerator software that enables the compression and faster uploading of files.
• Security: The crucial feature of online back up storage is seen in terms of file sharing and that the files that are stored on the server are not available for accessibility to other users on the Internet. Another important security feature is seen in terms of incremental transfer of data. Data during uploading or downloading should not be lost.
• Websites: There are various websites that are hosting online data storage. Some of these sites include Apcana Data Deposit Box, Xdrive, IBackup and Mozy. All these websites have their own packages for storing online data
This has become an important criterion for individuals and businesses to have adequate storage of files. Especially when portable devices fail to prove an adequate measure for storing files, online data storage becomes necessary.
Tuesday, December 4, 2007
E-Mail - Importance & Recovery
E-mail abbreviated for Electronic Mail is a way to send message over network. Use of email has increased remendously as it is fast, reliable, cheap and effective way of communication. In today's competitive world of business, email has become the important mode of communication. It has become the backbone of the organization.
Bigger organization uses their own mailing server to contact to the client or their own employee. Outlook express or Microsoft outlook is used to store the mails. As the mail server can store such a big amount of data and it is also unsecured. So the mails are down from mail server to the individual machine.
Storing of email includes physical storage, logical storage as well as backup and recovery. The biggest security threat to any mail storage is email data to be lost. The general loss of mails is because of viruses, system format, and accidental deletion of mail. Mail could also be lost due to outlook express gets corrupted or Microsoft outlook not opening.
To recover the mail from such conditions email recover software has been developed. Email recovery software scans extract and saves email from .mbx and .dbx files in which Microsoft Outlook Express stores messages and folders on the local drive.
Bigger organization uses their own mailing server to contact to the client or their own employee. Outlook express or Microsoft outlook is used to store the mails. As the mail server can store such a big amount of data and it is also unsecured. So the mails are down from mail server to the individual machine.
Storing of email includes physical storage, logical storage as well as backup and recovery. The biggest security threat to any mail storage is email data to be lost. The general loss of mails is because of viruses, system format, and accidental deletion of mail. Mail could also be lost due to outlook express gets corrupted or Microsoft outlook not opening.
To recover the mail from such conditions email recover software has been developed. Email recovery software scans extract and saves email from .mbx and .dbx files in which Microsoft Outlook Express stores messages and folders on the local drive.
The Tape Drive
Multiple tape cartridges are used in conjunction with automated media handling devices for data storage and transference. More than 80% of the world's digital data is stored on tape. Tape drives can be described as the central technology in all disaster protection architectures. The importance of tape in disaster protection and recovery is growing.
Beginnings: The tape drive has been around for more than five decades. It has been constantly evolving itself scaling new heights of technology. IBM invented the tape in the 1960 as a multi-purpose, bulky storage device. The early tape inventions can be classified into three periods:
· IBM 1360 Photostore period i.e. from 1960s
· IBM 2321 Data Cell period from mid 1960s
· Grumman Masstape period from late 1960s/early 1970s
The diverse forms of tape included reels, chips, strips, cylinders and film sheets. These tape forms were characterised by access times of less than 10 seconds and capacities of more than 100GB. However, bulky size with unreliability and high maintenance costs restricted the tape popularity in the 1970s. This changed in 1988. SorageTek invented the ACS4400 tape library. This modified existent tape drives. Tapes became the apt media for data storage and backup. It began to be widely used by commercial enterprises and personal users.
Characteristics:
· Tapes used include 8-millimetre Exabyte VXA, Sony AIT, DLT and Super DLT LTO Ultrium, IBM-compatible half-inch 3490 cartridge, StorageTek 9840/9940 and Sony SAIT.
· Tape uses a method of sequential access to read the data or the information.
· Reliable and durable
· Physically robust with strong magnetic internal structure
Data Loss: Modern tape technology exposes certain structural weaknesses. This makes them prone to data loss.
Magnetic Internal Cavity: Tapes may appear to be sturdy physically. The interior disk cavity is sensitive to magnetic fields. Thus, tapes require high maintenance. Improper care simply leads to overwriting. Consequently, there is a massive loss of data. Hence, a user has to take certain physical maintenance precautions:
· Avoid travelling with the tape. Even if you do carry the tape, make sure it is protected. The tape must be wrapped in a protective sheath. It can be either enclosed in tissue or plastic.
· A user must not holiday with the tape. Tossing and throwing from a height should be avoided.
· The tape should not be exposed to too much light, heat and humidity. This could cause internal damage and lead to data loss. The user should keep the tape in a cool area.
· The tape should be kept away from pets.
· The tape should not be handled with greasy and oily fingers.
· For the most part, the tape should be kept in a vertical position to avid scratches and jars.
Power Surges: Tapes are intricate data storage devices. A user has to ensure that all connections are proper. The tape has to be kept in a compatible drive to avoid ESD. The user has to ensure that all connections are tightly plugged in.
Natural and Man-made Disasters: Tapes are prone to corruption and data loss through natural disasters of floods, fires and earthquakes. At best, a user can take advantage of the tape's large backup memory capacity. Tapes can be stored in a secondary site to be kept far from natural disasters.
Man-made disasters of data theft and terrorism plague the tape more than any other data storage device. Tapes are often recycled lending them data invasion. They are cheap but usually at the price of data. Tapes do not have any kind of internal security. This makes them easy targets for data hacking.
Advantages
Capacity: Tapes boast of extremely large storage options. Tape drives can store more than 50GB of data. They are also used as large apt backup media. They provide off-line storage options.
Cost: Tapes are inexpensive. A personal user has the ability to engage in proper and reliable backups of several gigabytes of data at a cheap rate. It has a low market price. Tapes allow the user cheap backup option.
Reliability: Tape is reliable and durable. It continues to operate for a short time after the tape interior heads have failed. This allows the user to save data before the entire tape corrupts. It is structured to withstand shocks and physical duress. With proper maintenance, the tape can function for a long time.
Simplicity and Universality: Tapes are convenient and simple to use. They do not require technical knowledge. Tapes are portable. They are used to the optimum in automated tape libraries.
Beginnings: The tape drive has been around for more than five decades. It has been constantly evolving itself scaling new heights of technology. IBM invented the tape in the 1960 as a multi-purpose, bulky storage device. The early tape inventions can be classified into three periods:
· IBM 1360 Photostore period i.e. from 1960s
· IBM 2321 Data Cell period from mid 1960s
· Grumman Masstape period from late 1960s/early 1970s
The diverse forms of tape included reels, chips, strips, cylinders and film sheets. These tape forms were characterised by access times of less than 10 seconds and capacities of more than 100GB. However, bulky size with unreliability and high maintenance costs restricted the tape popularity in the 1970s. This changed in 1988. SorageTek invented the ACS4400 tape library. This modified existent tape drives. Tapes became the apt media for data storage and backup. It began to be widely used by commercial enterprises and personal users.
Characteristics:
· Tapes used include 8-millimetre Exabyte VXA, Sony AIT, DLT and Super DLT LTO Ultrium, IBM-compatible half-inch 3490 cartridge, StorageTek 9840/9940 and Sony SAIT.
· Tape uses a method of sequential access to read the data or the information.
· Reliable and durable
· Physically robust with strong magnetic internal structure
Data Loss: Modern tape technology exposes certain structural weaknesses. This makes them prone to data loss.
Magnetic Internal Cavity: Tapes may appear to be sturdy physically. The interior disk cavity is sensitive to magnetic fields. Thus, tapes require high maintenance. Improper care simply leads to overwriting. Consequently, there is a massive loss of data. Hence, a user has to take certain physical maintenance precautions:
· Avoid travelling with the tape. Even if you do carry the tape, make sure it is protected. The tape must be wrapped in a protective sheath. It can be either enclosed in tissue or plastic.
· A user must not holiday with the tape. Tossing and throwing from a height should be avoided.
· The tape should not be exposed to too much light, heat and humidity. This could cause internal damage and lead to data loss. The user should keep the tape in a cool area.
· The tape should be kept away from pets.
· The tape should not be handled with greasy and oily fingers.
· For the most part, the tape should be kept in a vertical position to avid scratches and jars.
Power Surges: Tapes are intricate data storage devices. A user has to ensure that all connections are proper. The tape has to be kept in a compatible drive to avoid ESD. The user has to ensure that all connections are tightly plugged in.
Natural and Man-made Disasters: Tapes are prone to corruption and data loss through natural disasters of floods, fires and earthquakes. At best, a user can take advantage of the tape's large backup memory capacity. Tapes can be stored in a secondary site to be kept far from natural disasters.
Man-made disasters of data theft and terrorism plague the tape more than any other data storage device. Tapes are often recycled lending them data invasion. They are cheap but usually at the price of data. Tapes do not have any kind of internal security. This makes them easy targets for data hacking.
Advantages
Capacity: Tapes boast of extremely large storage options. Tape drives can store more than 50GB of data. They are also used as large apt backup media. They provide off-line storage options.
Cost: Tapes are inexpensive. A personal user has the ability to engage in proper and reliable backups of several gigabytes of data at a cheap rate. It has a low market price. Tapes allow the user cheap backup option.
Reliability: Tape is reliable and durable. It continues to operate for a short time after the tape interior heads have failed. This allows the user to save data before the entire tape corrupts. It is structured to withstand shocks and physical duress. With proper maintenance, the tape can function for a long time.
Simplicity and Universality: Tapes are convenient and simple to use. They do not require technical knowledge. Tapes are portable. They are used to the optimum in automated tape libraries.
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